In its most real sense, infrastructure encompasses the built infrastructure (transport, industrial, and building) and the integrated built and natural systems that provide for the essential needs of society. In the context of infrastructure systems, resilience is an infrastructure asset’s ability to absorb the disturbances caused by disaster and climate risks (Arup, 2014) and retain its functionality and structural capacity. The widely accepted UN definition for resilience is ‘the ability of a system, community or society exposed to hazards to resist, absorb, accommodate to and recover from the effects of a hazard in a timely and efficient manner, including the preservation and restoration of its essential basic structures and functions,” (UNISDR, 2009). The high occurrences of disasters, associated climate change risks, and urban cities’ exposure to disasters have necessitated governments and communities worldwide to emphasize resilient and sustainable infrastructure.
The two key factors influencing resilient infrastructure are population explosion and climate-change risks and adaptation. So, we need a resilient and sustainable infrastructure to meet future generations’ requirements and re-build the aging infrastructure exposed to global threats and natural catastrophes.